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Sorptive-Flotation Of Lead Using Powdered Modified Activated Carbon Sorbent Prepared From Olive Stones

Shaban El-Sayed Ghazy, Sherin Mohammed El-Morsy

Environmental pollution, mainly in the aquatic systems, due to developments in industry, is one of the most significant problems of this century. Many industrial wastewater streams (ca. the metal working, semiconductor, and copper industries, mine water, etc.) contain heavy metals, which are of great environmental concern and must be removed prior to water discharge or water recycling. The present study aims to develop a simple, rapid and economic procedure for lead(II) removal under the optimum conditions. Laboratory-scale experiments were conducted in the laboratory, aiming to remove lead from water. They were based on using powdered activated carbon (PACI), which was prepared from olive stones generated as plant wastes and modified with aqueous oxidizing agent as (NH4)2S2O8, as an effective sorbent and oleic acid (HOL) as a surfactant. The main parameters (namely: initial solution pHs, sorbent, surfactant and aluminum concentrations, shaking time, ionic strength and the presence of foreign ions) that influence the sorptive- flotation process were examined. Good results were obtained at the optimum conditions, according to which nearly 100% of lead, at pH 7 and at room temperature (∼25ºC), was removed. The procedure was successfully applied to recover lead spiked to some natural water samples. Moreover, a sorption and flotation mechanism is suggested.