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Inhibitory Potential of Avicennia Marina Against Bacterial Pathogens of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) From Infected Patients for Health and Sanitation

A. Sheela Devi, Johanna Rajkumar, Joseph and Sunitha Jain

Urinary tract is the most common site of bacterial infection in humans. The infectious diseases remain one of the greatest challenges to global health. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infectious disease and possesses a significant healthcare burden. Increased use of antibiotics, the pathogens become resistant to it quickly. Hence screening of antibacterial activity of medicinal plants is significant. Owing to the widespread applications of mangrove plants, Avicennia marina was tested for antibacterial activity against UTI pathogens isolated from infected patients. The results showed that E. coli was more effective than S. aureus. Further MIC and MBC results revealed that the extract showed highest activity against both the pathogens. Followed by time kill studies was done where a considerable decrease in a number of bacterial cells were observed. Further comparative study of wild and treated pathogens in biochemical aspects was also studied by performing assay of total protein, protease activity, alkaline posphatase (ALPase) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and β-galactosidase (β-Gal) release. All the results of assay showed effective activity of A. marina. Finally peptidoglycan (murein) hydrolase and catalase genes expression studies was done using real time reverse transcriptase polymererization chain reaction (RT-PCR).