Абстрактный

Influence of a Certain Type of Roadside Buildings on the Dispersion of Automotive Pollutants

A. S. Begimbetova

The paper presents an experimental and computational study of air pollution in megacities of Kazakhstan: Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, namely on the streets with the most intense vehicular traffic. Objective of the study is to study a consistent pattern of air pollution by road traffics given different types of urban buildings. We have instrumentally measured the concentration of carbon oxide and nitrogen dioxide pollutants at different distances on both sides of a highway to determine a dispersive property of the corresponding buildings. In order to study the air change conditions, we used a characteristic of the structure front line along the highway. A structure openness factor Aop was applied as the characteristic. The study, which is aimed to determine the influence of roadside buildings on the СО and NO2 pollutants dispersion, has found that the highest concentration is observed in the most built-up areas; rates of decline in the concentration of nitrogen dioxide are higher than rates of decline in carbon oxide. Given this, we can assume an unfavorable accumulation of carbon oxide in the surface atmospheric layer in roadside areas. In order to protect the atmospheric air from automotive pollution, it is necessary to take the city-planning measures to reduce the concentration of exhaust gases in the human habitation area